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72 - Hafnium transition metal

Discovered by Dirk Coster in 1923

Hafnium

Hafnium is a chemical element with symbol Hf and atomic number 72. A lustrous, silvery gray, tetravalent transition metal, hafnium chemically resembles zirconium and is found in zirconium minerals. Its existence was predicted by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869, though it was not identified until 1923, making it the penultimate stable element to be discovered (rhenium was identified two years later).
Shell Electrons Orbitals
1 2 2 in 1s
2 8 2 in 2s + 6 in 2p
3 18 2 in 3s + 6 in 3p + 10 in 3d
4 32 2 in 4s + 6 in 4p + 10 in 4d + 14 in 4f
5 10 2 in 5s + 6 in 5p + 2 in 5d
6 2 2 in 6s
HafniumHf Electron 1 Electron 2 Electron 1 Electron 2 Electron 3 Electron 4 Electron 5 Electron 6 Electron 7 Electron 8 Electron 1 Electron 2 Electron 3 Electron 4 Electron 5 Electron 6 Electron 7 Electron 8 Electron 9 Electron 10 Electron 11 Electron 12 Electron 13 Electron 14 Electron 15 Electron 16 Electron 17 Electron 18 Electron 1 Electron 2 Electron 3 Electron 4 Electron 5 Electron 6 Electron 7 Electron 8 Electron 9 Electron 10 Electron 11 Electron 12 Electron 13 Electron 14 Electron 15 Electron 16 Electron 17 Electron 18 Electron 19 Electron 20 Electron 21 Electron 22 Electron 23 Electron 24 Electron 25 Electron 26 Electron 27 Electron 28 Electron 29 Electron 30 Electron 31 Electron 32 Electron 1 Electron 2 Electron 3 Electron 4 Electron 5 Electron 6 Electron 7 Electron 8 Electron 9 Electron 10 Electron 1 Electron 2
178.49  u Atomic Mass
2.2  Å Atomic Radius
4876  K Boiling Point
1.75  Å Covalent Radius
13.31  g/cm³ Density
17.18 Electron Affinity
1.3 Electronegativity
6.83  eV First Ionization Energy
2500.15  K Melting Point
6 Number of Shells
72 Atomic Number
2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2 Electron Shell Occupations