15 - Phosphorus polyatomic nonmetal
Discovered by Hennig Brand in 1669
- Atomic Radius (Å)
Phosphorus is a chemical element with symbol P and atomic number 15. As an element, phosphorus exists in two major forms—white phosphorus and red phosphorus—but due to its high reactivity, phosphorus is never found as a free element on Earth. Instead phosphorus-containing minerals are almost always present in their maximally oxidised state, as inorganic phosphate rocks.
| Shell | Electrons | Orbitals |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 2 in 1s |
| 2 | 8 | 2 in 2s + 6 in 2p |
| 3 | 5 | 2 in 3s + 3 in 3p |
30.97 u
Atomic Mass
1.2 Å
Atomic Radius
553 K
Boiling Point
1.07 Å
Covalent Radius
1.82 g/cm³
Density
72.04
Electron Affinity
2.19
Electronegativity
10.49 eV
First Ionization Energy
317.25 K
Melting Point
3
Number of Shells
5
Electron Valency
15
Atomic Number
2, 8, 5
Electron Shell Occupations
0.77 J/(g K)
Specific Heat
