14 - Silicon metalloid
Discovered by Jöns Jacob Berzelius in 1824
- Atomic Radius (Å)
Silicon is a chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14. It is a tetravalent metalloid, more reactive than germanium, the metalloid directly below it in the table. Controversy about silicon's character dates to its discovery.
| Shell | Electrons | Orbitals |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 2 in 1s |
| 2 | 8 | 2 in 2s + 6 in 2p |
| 3 | 4 | 2 in 3s + 2 in 3p |
28.09 u
Atomic Mass
1.5 Å
Atomic Radius
3538 K
Boiling Point
1.11 Å
Covalent Radius
2.33 g/cm³
Density
134.07
Electron Affinity
1.9
Electronegativity
8.15 eV
First Ionization Energy
1683.15 K
Melting Point
3
Number of Shells
4
Electron Valency
14
Atomic Number
2, 8, 4
Electron Shell Occupations
0.7 J/(g K)
Specific Heat
